世界经济论坛自2001年起,已连续9年编制全球信息技术报告(Global Information Technology Report)。该报告在评价资讯与通讯技术 (Information and communication technologies -ICT)对世界各国经济发展进程及竞争力的影响方面,已成为最全面和最权威的资料。
Sweden is the world’s most networked country, according to the latest global technology report from the World Economic Forum. Irene Mia from WEF told CNBC Thursday that being a small country is a benefit when it comes to implementing ICT (information and communication technologies) strategies.
评定通讯联网完备程度指数的三个方面
全球信息技术报告应用各种公开数据,以及世界经济论坛综合性年度调查结果为基础,计算导出通讯联网完备程度指数(Networked Readiness Index – NRI)来对参评国家或经济体,在下列三个方面有效地运用资讯与通讯技术的准备就绪程度进行评定:
设于瑞士日内瓦的世界经济论坛(World Economic Forum)于2012年4月4日发布《2012 年全球信息技术报告:身处一个超连通的世界》(The Global Information Technology Report 2012 – Living in a Hyperconnected World )。
2012年的全球信息技术报告创纪录地涵盖了全球142 个国家或经济体,对资讯与通讯技术对国家发展进程、竞争力和福祉的影响方面,进行了深入的研究。此报告仍然是国际上资讯与通讯技术领域最全面和最具有权威的参考资料。在经过为期两年的审视过程后,报告对所应用的网络就绪指数,即通讯联网完备程度指数(Networked Readiness Index – NRI)不断地进行调整,以确保能收集通讯技术工业快速变化的信息,并且与公共和私营部门决策者保持密切联系。
The World Economic Forum releases its new edition of the Global Information Technology Report. Soumitra Dutta, INSEAD, author of the report, explains the report’s methodology, while Benat Bilbao, World Economic Forum, discusses the year’s rankings. Per-Ola Karlsson, Booz and Company, and Bill Davidson, Qualcomm, provide an industry perspective.
世界数字图书馆是由美国国会图书馆(Library of Congress )的一个小组, 在许多国家的伙伴机构的共同协作下,在联合国教科文组织 的支持下,借助于一些公司和私人基金会的财力支持开发而成的。至2009年4月,其中财政捐助的公司和私人基金会包括:谷歌(Google, Inc.)捐助300万美元;卡塔尔基金会(The Qatar Foundation)捐助的300万美元;纽约卡内基公司(The Carnegie Corporation of New York)捐助200万美元;沙特阿拉伯的阿卜杜拉国王科技大学(The King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Saudi Arabia)捐助100万美元;微软(Microsoft, Inc.)捐助100万美元。
– 亚历山大图书馆(Bibliotheca Alexandrina)
– 布朗大学图书馆(Brown University Library)
– 墨西哥 CARSO 历史研究中心(Center for the Study of the History of Mexico CARSO)
– 卡塔尔基金会中央图书馆(Central Library, Qatar Foundation)
爪哇岛最大的火山 Smeroe(森美鲁火山), 1872
– 美洲国际组织哥伦比亚纪念图书馆(Columbus Memorial Library, Organization of American States)
– 国际图书馆协会联合会(International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions – IFLA)
– 伊拉克国家图书档案馆( Iraqi National Library and Archives)
– 约翰□卡特□布朗图书馆(John Carter Brown Library)
– 阿卜杜拉国王科技大学( King Abdullah University of Science and Technology)
– 美国国会图书馆( Library of Congress)
– 海达拉家族纪念图书馆(Mamma Haidara Commemorative Library)
– 美国国家文件与档案管理局(National Archives and Records Administration)
– 日本国立国会图书馆(National Diet Library)
– 埃及国家图书馆与文件馆(National Library and Archives of Egypt)
– 国家人类学和历史学协会(National Institute of Anthropology and History – INAH)
– 巴西国家图书馆(National Library of Brazil)
– 中国国家图书馆(National Library of China)
– 法国国家图书馆(National Library of France)
– 以色列国家图书馆(National Library of Israel)
– 俄罗斯国家图书馆(National Library of Russia)
– 塞尔维亚国家图书馆(National Library of Serbia)
– 瑞典国家图书馆(National Library of Sweden)
– 乌干达国家图书馆(National Library of Uganda)
– 荷兰皇家东南亚及加勒比海研究所( Royal Netherlands Institute of Southeast Asian and the Caribbean Studies – KITLV)
– 俄罗斯国立图书馆(Russian State Library)
– 圣马克科普特图书馆(St. Mark Coptic Library)
– Tetouan-Asmir 研究中心(Tetouan-Asmir Association)
– 联合国教科文组织 (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization – UNESCO)
– 布拉迪斯拉发大学图书馆(University Library in Bratislava)
– 比勒陀利亚大学图书馆(University of Pretoria Library)
– Wellcome 图书馆(Wellcome Library)
– 耶鲁大学图书馆(Yale University Library)
– 叶利钦总统图书( Yeltsin Presidential Library)
Composite of a Series of Images Taken From Space Aboard the Station
This is a composite of a series of images photographed from a mounted camera on the Earth-orbiting International Space Station, from approximately 240 miles above Earth. Space station hardware in the foreground includes the Mini-Research Module (MRM1, center) and a Russian Progress vehicle docked to the Pirs Docking Compartment (right). Expedition 31 Flight Engineer Don Pettit said of the photographic techniques used to achieve the images: "My star trail images are made by taking a time exposure of about 10 to 15 minutes. However, with modern digital cameras, 30 seconds is about the longest exposure possible, due to electronic detector noise effectively snowing out the image. To achieve the longer exposures I do what many amateur astronomers do. I take multiple 30-second exposures, then 'stack' them using imaging software, thus producing the longer exposure." A total of 47 images photographed by the astronaut-monitored stationary camera were combined to create this composite. Image Credit: NASA Read More